Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status
I-485 · Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status
How a qualifying applicant already in the U.S. moves from a nonimmigrant status to lawful permanent residence (a green card).
Median processing days
240 days
about 8 months
Typical range (80%)
135–480 days
Most cases decided within about 1.3 years
Approval rate
88.6%
Trailing 12 months · 2025 Q4
Source: USCIS Processing Times and official quarterly data (2025 Q4 snapshot). For reference only, not a time commitment.
Purpose and process
I-485 requires an available immigrant category (family, employment, diversity, etc.) with a current priority date under the Visa Bulletin's Dates for Filing.
Most applicants file it together with I-765 (EAD) and I-131 (Advance Parole). Biometrics, an interview and a medical exam (I-693) are common steps.
Who files it
Applicants inside the U.S. who have an immigrant category available to them.
Official references
Common USCIS statuses for this form
Case Was Received
USCIS has received your filing and generated a receipt number. This is only the starting point — active review has not begun yet.
Biometrics Appointment Was Scheduled
USCIS has scheduled your biometrics (fingerprint / photo) appointment.
Interview Was Scheduled
An interview has been scheduled and the notice is being mailed.
Request For Additional Evidence Was Sent
USCIS issued a Request for Evidence — the officer needs additional evidence before making a decision.
Case Was Approved
The case is approved.
Welcome Notice Was Mailed
USCIS mailed the Welcome Notice, typically alongside I-485 or N-400 approval.
Card Was Produced
A card (EAD, green card or AP) is being produced.
Frequently asked questions
How long after filing I-485 until the EAD arrives?
Most people file I-765 concurrently with I-485. EAD cards currently take about 3–6 months from receipt to production. If it slips past the posted processing time, check for e-Request eligibility before escalating.
Does every I-485 require an interview?
Most family-based I-485s do. Many employment-based I-485s are waived, but not all. USCIS mails a formal notice before scheduling any interview.
How long after I-485 approval until I get the card?
Usually 1–4 weeks until Card Was Produced, then a few more days until Card Was Mailed. If you have not received it after 30 days, check USPS and contact USCIS.
Track your I-485 case
Enter your receipt number. MyCases polls USCIS on a schedule and alerts you the moment the status changes — by email, Telegram or WeChat Work. Free forever.
General information only, not legal advice. Official USCIS notices in writing always take precedence.